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Why Does Female Leaders Exist Few in Society?
Marissa
Mayer of the Yahoo Inc, Virginia M, Rometty of IBM, Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook are some of executives of
the world famous companies. In the United States, female leaders play active
parts in the business world. Definition of leadership is action of
leading group, organization and people or ability to do this (Oxford
Dictionary) and the style and way of this varies from people. According to
article by Alice H. Eagly who is sociology professor of Northwestern
University, insists that there is gender difference between women and men style
in leadership. Additionally, she mentioned traits of those two types. Although
we have to note that this is just a tendency and is not which is better than
debate, masculine style tends to be command and control and taking change
whereas feminine leader used to be good at multi-task, inspirational, having
empathy and concern about followers. Since male and female leadership is
different, it is assumed that having both style is beneficial to society. To follow this situation, Japanese
Prime Minister, Shinzo Abe states that Japan will aim to raise women’s
labor participation as one of strategies for economic growth in 2013. Besides, having female work force seems to be
profitable in the wave of globalization. According to JASSO, Japan Students Serves
Organization, interestingly 68.2% is those who of women having been study
abroad whereas 31.8% was men in 2010. Those educated women can contribute their
foreign language fluency and international sense as “global human resource” which
is highly demanded recently.
Despite this policy, the reality is not
that way. The fact is that female workers are still not seen as equal to men in
company, especially in their leadership positions. GMI Ratings have studied
5,977 companies in 45 countries to calculate the percentage of female CEOs. The
results of the study shows that 11.8% is the average percentage of female CEOs
in developed countries. In comparison to this average number, Japan’s female
CEOs parentage is only 1.1 %, which is the lowest standard in that study (1). Why
does the number of female leader not change so easily in Japan? Of course, one
of possible reasons why this situation happen is because a social system is
immature to welcome female workers. For instance, short maternity-leave period,
expensive and small number of nursery and long period and overtime work. However, the problem is more complicated. In
addition to the systematic problems, internal and external factors prevent
female from become leader. In order woman to be a leader, it is important to
understand and deal with some paradoxes that female leader will face.
The purpose of this paper is analyzing and
consider cause of the situation and giving suggestion to fix it. Therefore, this
essay begins with examining external and internal reasons why the number of
female leaders do not increase. Then, it will be suggested what we can do to
have more female leaders in society. Finally, it will summarize all the
important points so far in conclusion
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